ABSTRACT
Surgery of the breast was rst described around 3000 BCE by ancient Egyptian physicians who extirpated tumours [1]. In the late nineteenth century, radical mastectomy became the standard of care for breast cancer after Halsted reported en bloc resection of the breast tumour, breast tissue, pectoralis muscles, and ipsilateral axillary contents [2]. As the eld of breast oncology continued to evolve, less invasive techniques were employed including preservation of pectoralis muscle [3] and skin sparing mastectomy, which further improved the overall aesthetic result with preservation of the inframammary fold [4]. With greater concern for breast aesthetics and breast conservation therapy, plastic surgeons now play an integral role in breast reconstruction.
