ABSTRACT
The early and effective translation of diagnostic and therapeutic modalities from bench to bedside is one of the major challenges in cancer research. Cancer remains one of the biggest killers in the United States while the FDA approval rate of new anticancer drugs from the time of rst-in-human trials remains one of the lowest compared with the FDA approval rates of drugs for other diseases (Kola and Landis, 2004). The complexity and heterogeneity of cancer contribute to this situation, as do the limitations of the current animal models.
