ABSTRACT
In this chapter, we present a synopsis of basic definitions, concepts, and the fundamental principles of fluid mechanics and soil mechanics, which are necessary prerequisites for an adequate understanding of the subject matter treated in this book. To help facilitate comprehension on an elementary but firm level, a deliberate attempt is made to develop these ideas from the rudiments of physics; the principles of general applicability are deduced from geometric and physical reasoning, with a minimum use of the mathematical abstraction. For the understanding of the subsequent sections, however, a minimum proficiency in mathematical skills generally acquired during the first 2 years of differential and integral calculus at a university level is assumed. Likewise, some elementary exposure to vector analysis and matrix theory is highly desirable.
