ABSTRACT
The technology of solar cells converts light to electricity and harvests solar energy. Current solar cells suffer from high cost compared with fossil fuel technologies. In order to seek more effective costs, we need to develop third-generation solar cells [1-5], including quantum dot cells [6-8], hot carrier cells [9,10], intermediate band cells [11,12], and tandem cells [13,14]. Increasing the energy conversion efficiency can provide cost-effective solar cells by maximizing the incident spectral range to allow as much sunlight to reach the absorption layer as possible, promoting adequate absorption of broad solar spectrum to realize perfect matching between the photovoltaic (PV) absorption spectrum and solar spectrum, and establishing reasonable band offset structure to enforce electron collection.
