ABSTRACT
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common childhood infection, being second in frequency only to respiratory infections. In many children, these infections recur, causing signicant morbidity, hospitalizations, and long-term health eects, such as renal scars, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although bacterial UTIs are well recognized in children and adults, fungal, viral, and parasitic infections of the urinary tract are also encountered with an increasing frequency, especially in immunocompromised and susceptible subpopulations. e increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria introduces an additional level of complexity to the management of patients with UTIs.
