ABSTRACT

Land-cover change has long been an active research topic because of its impacts on climate and environmental changes, as well as its close interactions with human activities (Lu et  al., 2014; Volpi et  al., 2013). Early publications related to change detection occurred in the 1960s. Lillestrand (1972) and Singh (1989) overviewed the major change detection techniques developed between the 1960s and 1980s. Since then, change detection techniques have been applied to di§erent ¦elds such as forest change (Collins and Woodcock, 1996; Desclée et al., 2006; Huang et al., 2010; Reiche et al., 2013), urban expansion (Borghys et al., 2007; Du et al., 2012; Lo and Shipman, 1990; Yeh and Li, 2001), wetland

Acronyms and De¦nitions ................................................................................................................ 377 18.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 377 18.2 Brief Description of Key Steps Used in a Change Detection Procedure .........................378