ABSTRACT
Zhiguo Ding, Kanapathippillai Cumanan, Bayan Sharif, and Gui Yun Tian
School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Newcastle University, UK
4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 4.1.1 Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 4.1.2 Preliminaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
4.2 Single Source-Destination with Multiple Relays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 4.2.1 Cooperative Protocols with Partial CSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
4.2.1.1 Opportunistic n-Relay Scheme with Type II
CSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 4.2.1.2 Opportunistic Relay Scheme with Type III CSI 96
4.2.1.3 Opportunistic n-Relay Scheme with Type III
CSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 4.2.1.4 Opportunistic m-Relay Scheme with Type III
CSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 4.2.1.5 Opportunistic Relay Incremental Scheme with
Type IV CSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 4.2.1.6 Opportunistic n-Relay Incremental Scheme
with Type IV CSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 4.2.1.7 Opportunistic m-Relay Scheme with Type IV
CSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 4.2.2 Cooperative Protocol with Full CSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
4.3 Cooperative Multiple Access Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 4.3.1 Protocol Based on Sources Cooperation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 4.3.2 A Relay-Assisted Cooperative Multiple Access Protocol . . . . 109
4.4 Cooperative Broadcast Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 4.4.1 Cooperative Transmission Protocol without Direct S-D Links 115
4.4.1.1 An Alternative Scheme to Increase the
Achievable Multiplexing Gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 4.4.2 Cooperative Transmission Protocol with Direct S-D Links . . 120
4.5 Network Coding for Cooperative Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 4.5.1 Network Coding for Multiple Access Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 4.5.2 Network Coding for Two-Way Relay Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
4.5.2.1 Performance Analysis for the Receiver
Reliability at the Mobile Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 4.5.2.2 Performance Analysis for the Receiver
Reliability at the Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 4.6 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
In the last decade, the exponential growth of mobile users and newly emerging high-
data-rate wireless applications have created a huge demand for the available wire-
less resources and opened up new challenges in terms of throughput and quality of
services. In order to circumvent this huge demand and challenges, cooperative com-
munications have been recently proposed for future generation wireless communica-
tions which include relay technology as evidenced by the development of standards
in 3GPP LTE-Advanced systems. This relay approach replaces a long wireless link
by shorter hops with relay nodes and increases the throughput dramatically at the
cell edges by improving the received signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR).
In addition, incorporation of these relay nodes significantly reduces power consump-
tion and makes future wireless networks more environmentally friendly, while intro-
ducing multiplexing and diversity gains in the network.
