ABSTRACT
Congratulations for arriving at the nal chapter of this book! e eld of pleural disease includes a diverse range of
clinical presentations that are both common and important. In the past, pleural disease has failed to attract the same level of attention and interests as other medical elds of similar importance. e level of pleural research and the acquisition of new knowledge oen lag signicantly behind other common clinical conditions and pleural disease research is considered by many as “outside the mainstream.”1
