ABSTRACT

This chapter presents information on classification & mode of action, indications & dermatological uses, formulations/presentation, dosages & suggested regimens, baseline investigations, considerations & monitoring, contraindications, cautions, important drug interactions, adverse effects & their management, use in special situations, and essential patient information of Ivermectin. Ivermectin was developed in the 1970s and is a semi-synthetic derivative of the avermectins that are obtained from fermentation products of Streptomyces avermectinius. It was initially used in veterinary practice to treat parasitic diseases in small and large vertebrates, and was first reported as a treatment for scabies in humans in 1987. Ivermectin acts against helminths and arthropods by activating glutamate-gated chloride channels. Ivermectin binding causes ion channel disruption leading to cell death, and the receptor specificity explains the drug’s high efficacy and tolerability in humans. In Africa, more than 25 million people received ivermectin as treatment for oncocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis. Ivermectin is effective against cutaneous symptoms and systemic disease.