ABSTRACT
Celiac disease (CD) is the culmination of an aberrant inammatory response to “gluten” that refers to the storage proteins gliadins and glutenins from wheat, secalins from rye, and hordeins from barley. This reaction results in inammation of and damage to the structures and function of the small intestine. The inammatory response not only produces tissue injury in the small intestine, which is largely dependent on a cellular-based, but also a humoral response that results in antibodies present in the circulation. These antibodies are most often IgA-based antibodies directed against both gluten components as well as the autoantigen tissue transglutaminase (tTG) and the covalent complexes formed by both.
