ABSTRACT
Lead-acid batteries and lead-acid technology celebrated its sesquicentennial anniversary in 2010. In the 150 subsequent years, since Gaston Plante presented his set of nine electrochemical cells to the French Academy of Sciences, the advances in lead-acid technology have been such that in 2012, lead-acid batteries accounted for ~$32 billion dollars of a ~$50 billion dollar annual global battery market for rechargeable batteries [1].
