ABSTRACT
Sputnik 1 was the first Earth-orbiting artificial satellite launched by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957. Its success was an astonishing shock to the United States. This incident is considered the start of the Space Race during the Cold War. Explorer 1 was the first Earth-orbiting artificial satellite launched by the United States on January 31, 1958. Both the United States and the Soviet Union thought that the development of space technology could provide a huge diplomatic and military advantage [3-5].
