ABSTRACT
The hallmark of the molecular biology era took place in 1953 with the elucidation of DNA structure by Watson and Crick (Watson and Crick 1953a). The following years were rich in discoveries about replication, transcription, and translation DNA mechanisms. Thus, in the 1950s and 1960s within several discoveries, the theoretical foundations to chemical synthesis of DNA, the genetic code, and the regulatory processes of gene expression in prokaryotes (bacteria) were unveiled. Thus, the central dogma of molecular biology was established and the basis for the rise of recombinant DNA technology (RDT), or which may also be referred to as modern genetic engineering.
