ABSTRACT
Global warming due to emission of greenhouse gases, inadequate supply of petrol, dependency on fossil fuels, and current unstable prices of crude oil provided an initial impetus to an increase in demand for alternative sources of energy. Energy production often falls short of what we need. As a result, over a decade ago, biofuels were suggested to ameliorate energy needs, as they are a renewable source. The use and development of biofuels have progressed since then. The potential is so huge that it has caught the attention of many business leaders, policymakers, and scientists from all over the world. Biofuel promotion policies have been introduced and have spread globally; in Japan, for instance, an implementation strategy was rst developed in 2002, namely, “Biomass Nippon Strategy,” and the work continues with the latest policy, “Biomass Industrialization Strategy,” introduced in 2012 (https://www.maff.go.jp/e/pdf/reference6-8.pdf).
