ABSTRACT
Historically, before the advent of modern electronic technologies, television, telephones, and radio systems, written and auditory communications prevailed as the dominant forms of communication within the justice domain. During the colonial period, communicating orally was a necessary method of disseminating information among regions, locales, and people. Specifically, town criers were tasked with the responsibility of disseminating information orally. For example, town criers were “allowed to disturb the peace” after 9:00 p.m., and “only with official news” that had been previously authorized (Pencak, 2011).
