ABSTRACT
Modeling activities may be grouped into several broad levels that reflect the detail sequence in which structural designs are encountered. At the core of these design levels is the process of moving from approximations to progressively more precise information. According to the American Institute of Architects (AIA) Contract Document G202-2013 (AIA, 2013), Building Information Modeling Protocol Form, levels of development (LOD) can be classified into levels 1-5 (see Table 4.1). They define and illustrate characteristics of model elements of different building systems at different phases of building information modeling (BIM) project development. The BIM details increase from a space management model to a major systems model, to a simulation model, and finally to the most detailed virtual building model. As the design progresses, there will be increased specificity to the elements required in the BIM.
