ABSTRACT
Because C. botulinum-A exotoxin therapy of glabellar frown lines treats the underlying cause of these lines, it is more effective than soft tissue augmentation although this improvement is temporary. Treatment with C. botulinum-A exotoxin is a simple, safe procedure 1
Research Question Does C. botulinum-A exotoxin improve glabellar frown lines? C. botulinum-A exotoxin had previously been used for the treatment of blepharospasm, strabismus, and hemifacial spasm, with incidental improvement of glabellar frown lines. Therefore the authors investigated whether targeted treatment of the corrugator muscles with C. botulinum-A exotoxin improved glabellar rhytids.
