ABSTRACT
This chapter describes the bone because it is the main part of the body skeleton that can support the load in both tension and compression. Complex multiscale hierarchies of the bones can carry various large loading with an optimal weight and serve as the storage site for bone marrow, calcium, and phosphate. The major nanoscale components of the bone are hydroxyapatite and tropocollagen. These two components become the building blocks for the next scale model: the microscale model. The micromechanics model resulted in the elastic moduli, which compared well with other data for bone fibrils. The micromechanics model provided a simple solution to a complex problem. The bone mineral content was used as a metric for comparing the validity of theoretical models. The chapter examines the effects of bone loss on the material properties of cancellous bone, different bone densities were considered for the macroscale cancellous bone.
