ABSTRACT
Typically, communication systems, ranging from 1G to 4G, are long-range links, covering hundreds or even thousands of kilometers. These links are established by different channel media such as coaxial, microwave, cable, satellite, and more recently, cellular networks. In parallel, short-range communication systems were also developed to provide connectivity within a limited distance. Short-range communication systems can be classified broadly into the following categories:
•Wireless local area networks (WLANs), such as Wi-Fi •Personal area networks (PANs) such as Bluetooth and Zigbee •Ultra-wideband (UWB) carrierless networks
Figure 7.1 gives an overall picture of short-range networks and applications.
