ABSTRACT
Pulsed electromagnetic elds (PEMFs), from extremely low frequency (ELF) to pulsed radio frequency (PRF), have been successfully employed as adjunctive therapy for the treatment of delayed, nonunion, and fresh fractures and fresh and chronic wounds. Recent increased understanding of the mechanism of action of PEMF signals has permitted technologic advances allowing the development of PRF devices that are portable and disposable; can be incorporated into dressings, supports, and casts; and can be used over clothing. This broadens the use of nonpharmacological, noninvasive PEMF therapy to the treatment of acute and chronic pain and inammation.
