ABSTRACT
This chapter examines conditions and treatment of retina, optic nerve and vitreous humour structures. The retina is composed of 10 layers: one epithelial layer and nine neural layers. There is a potential space between the epithelial layer and the neural layers, which is significant in retinal detachment. The retina extends from the ora serrata anteriorly to the optic disc posteriorly, where the nerve fibres leave the eye as the optic nerve. The optic nerve runs from the optic disc through the optic foramen to the optic chiasma where it becomes the optic tract. The vitreous humour fills the vitreous chamber which is the posterior segment of the eye lying between the lens and the retina. The composition of the vitreous humour is 98"–99" water; and 1"–2" hyaluronic acid and collagen fibres. The function of the vitreous humour is the refraction of light: light rays travel in a converged manner through the vitreous humour towards the retina.
