ABSTRACT
Abstract: Coal liquefaction processes turn coal into mineral-matter-free products. An overview of indirect and direct coal liquefaction is provided, with an emphasis on value addition by direct coal liquefaction, instead of just coal-to-liquids conversion in general. Coal chemistry is discussed from a conversion perspective. Oxidation, cracking, hydrogen transfer, and hydrogenation conversion pathways are explained, as well as how each influences coal conversion and product properties. Product properties are in turn related to refineability to chemicals and transportation fuels, namely, gasoline, jet fuel, and diesel fuel.
