ABSTRACT
Abstract: Combustion and gasification of coal emit CO2 into the atmosphere. The carbon capture technologies, post-combustion, pre-combustion, and oxy-fuel combustion are in demonstration and pilot plant phases, whereas chemical looping combustion is currently in very early stage of development. Certain technologies have been commercially implemented, for example, enhanced oil recovery (storage) and production of urea (use). Currently, there are nine large-scale carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects in development/execute stage and 13 projects in the operation stage. Economic
capture of CO2 from flue gas, monitoring of the CCS site, maintaining a geological standard, and commercialization of the new CCS technologies are the major challenges.
