ABSTRACT
Affinities of Molecules ................................................................ 204 10.7 Method of computation ................................................................ 217 10.8 Present Model Regarding Protonation ......................................... 218 10.9 Mathematical Formulae of the Global Reactivity Descriptors
Invoked in the Study .................................................................... 220 10.10 Results and Discussion ............................................................. 228 10.11 Conclusion ................................................................................ 229 Keywords .............................................................................................. 230 Reference .............................................................................................. 230
10.1 INTRODUCTION: THE CONCEPT OF PROTON AND THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROCESS OF PROTONATION IN CHEMISTRY
10.1.1 PROTON IN PHYSICS
Proton is a subatomic hadron particle with the symbol p or p+ with a positive electric charge of 1 elementary charge. One or more protons are present in the nucleus of each atom, along with neutrons. The proton is also stable by itself. Free protons are emitted directly in some rare types of radioactive decay, and result from the decay of free neutrons from other radioactivity. They soon pick up an electron and become neutral hydrogen atom. Free protons may exist in plasmas or in cosmic rays in vacuum.
