ABSTRACT
QUICK REFERENCE CONVERSION TABLES
Imperial Metric 1. LINEAR
0.039 in 1 mm 25.4 3.281 ft 1 metre 0.305 1.094 yd 1 metre 0.914
2. WEIGHT
0.020 cwt 1 kg 50.802 0.984 ton 1 tonne 1.016 2.205 lb 1 kg 0.454
3. CAPACITY
1.760 pint 1 litre 0.568 0.220 gal 1 litre 4.546
4. AREA
0.002 in2 1 mm2 645.16 10.764 ft2 1 m2 0.093 1.196 yd2 1 m2 0.836 2.471 acre 1 ha 0.405 0.386 mile2 1 km2 2.59
5. VOLUME
0.061 in3 1 cm3 16.387 35.315 ft3 1 m3 0.028 1.308 yd3 1 m3 0.765
6. POWER
1.310 HP 1 kW 0.746
Multiply Metric Unit By To obtain Imperial Unit
Length
kilometre km 0.6214 statute mile ml metre m 1.0936 yard yd centimetre cm 0.0328 foot ft millimetre mm 0.0394 inch in
Area
hectare ha 2.471 acre square kilometre km2 0.3861 square mile sq ml square metre m2 10.764 square foot sq ft square metre m2 1550 square inch sq in square centimetre cm2 0.155 square inch sq in
Volume
cubic metre m3 35.336 cubic foot cu ft cubic metre m3 1.308 cubic yard cu yd cubic centimetre cm3 0.061 cubic inch cu in cubic centimetre cm3 0.0338 fluid ounce fl oz
Liquid volume
litre l 0.0013 cubic yard cu yd litre l 61.02 cubic inch cu in litre l 0.22 Imperial gallon gal litre l 0.2642 US gallon US gal litre l 1.7596 pint pt
Mass
metric tonne t 0.984 long ton lg ton metric tonne t 1.102 short ton sh ton kilogram kg 2.205 pound, avoirdupois lb gram g or gr 0.0353 ounce, avoirdupois oz
Unit mass
kilograms/cubic metre kg/m3 0.062 pounds/cubic foot lbs/cu ft kilograms/cubic metre kg/m3 1.686 pounds/cubic yard lbs/cu yd tonnes/cubic metre t/m3 1692 pound/cubic yard lbs/cu yd kilograms/sq centimetre kg/cm2 14.225 pounds/square inch lbs/sq in kilogram-metre kg.m 7.233 foot-pound ft-lb
Force
meganewton MN 9.3197 tons force tonf kilonewton kN 225 pounds force lbf newton N 0.225 pounds force lbf
Pressure and stress
meganewton per square metre MN/m2 9.3197 tons force/square foot tonf/ft2
kilopascal kPa 0.145 pounds/square inch psi bar 14.5 pounds/square inch psi kilograme metre kgm 7.2307 foot-pound ft-lb
Energy
kilocalorie kcal 3.968 British thermal unit Btu metric horsepower CV 0.9863 horse power hp kilowatt kW 1.341 horse power hp
Speed
kilometres/hour km/h 0.621 miles/hour mph
Multiply Imperial Unit By To obtain metric Unit
Length
statute mile ml 1.609 kilometre km yard yd 0.9144 metre m foot ft 0.3048 centimetre cm inch in 25.4 millimetre mm
Area
acre acre 0.4047 hectare ha square mile sq ml 2.59 square kilometre km2
Volume
cubic inch cu in 16.387 cubic centimetre cm3
Liquid volume
cubic yard cu yd 764.55 litre l cubic inch cu in 0.0164 litre l Imperial gallon gal 4.5464 litre l US gallon US gal 3.785 litre l US gallon US gal 0.833 Imperial gallon gal pint pt 0.5683 litre l
Mass
long ton lg ton 1.016 metric tonne tonne short ton sh ton 0.907 metric tonne tonne pound lb 0.4536 kilogram kg ounce oz 28.35 gram g
foot-pound ft-lb 0.1383 kilogram-metre kg.m
Force
tons force tonf 0.1073 meganewton MN
pounds force lbf 0.0045 kilonewton kN
pounds force lbf 4.45 newton N
Pressure and stress
pounds/square inch psi 6.89 kilopascal kPa
pounds/square inch psi 0.0689 bar
foot-pound ft-lb 0.1383 kilogram metre kgm
Energy
British Thermal Unit Btu 0.252 kilocalorie kcal
horsepower (hp) hp 1.014 metric horsepower CV
horsepower (hp) hp 0.7457 kilowatt kW
Speed
miles/hour mph 1.61 kilometres/hour km/h
Length
Millimetre mm 1 in = 25.4 cm 1 mm = 0.0394 in Centimetre cm 1 in = 2.54 cm 1 cm = 0.3937 in Metre m 1 ft = 0.3048 m 1 m = 3.2808 ft 1 yd = 0.9144 m 1 m = 1.0936 yd Kilometre km 1 mile = 1.6093 km 1 km = 0.6214 mile
Note: 1 cm = 10 mm 1 ft = 12 in 1 m = 100 cm 1 yd = 3 ft 1 km = 1,000 m 1 mile = 1,760 yd
Area
Square millimetre mm2 1 in2 = 645.2 mm2 1 mm2 = 0.0016 in2 Square centimetre cm2 1 in2 = 6.4516 cm2 1 cm2 = 1.1550 in2 Square metre m2 1 ft2 = 0.0929 m2 1 m2 = 10.764 ft2 1 yd2 = 0.8361 m2 1 m2 = 1.1960 yd2 Square Kilometre km2 1 mile2 = 2.590 km2 1 km2 = 0.3861 mile2
Note: 1 cm2 = 100 m2 1 ft2 = 144 in2 1 m2 = 10,000 cm2 1 yd2 = 9 ft2 1 km2 = 100 hectares 1 mile2 = 640 acres 1 acre = 4,840 yd2
Volume
Cubic Centimetre cm3 1 cm3 = 0.0610 in3 1 in3 = 16.387 cm3 Cubic Decimetre dm3 1 dm3 = 0.0353 ft3 1 ft3 = 28.329 dm3 Cubic metre m3 1 m3 = 35.3147 ft3 1 ft3 = 0.0283 m3 1 m3 = 1.3080 yd3 1 yd3 = 0.7646 m3 Litre L 1 L = 1.76 pint 1 pint = 0.5683 L = 2.113 US pt = 0.4733 US L
Note: 1 dm3 = 1,000 cm3 1 ft3 = 1.728 in3 1 m3 = 1,000 dm3 1 yd3 = 27 ft3 1 L = 1 dm3 1 pint = 20 fl oz 1 HL = 100 L 1 gal = 8 pints
Milligram mg 1 mg = 0.0154 grain 1 grain = 64.935 mg Gram g 1 g = 0.0353 oz 1 oz = 28.35 g Kilogram kg 1 kg = 2.2046 lb 1 lb = 0.4536 kg Tonne t 1 t = 0.9842 ton 1 ton = 1.016 t
Note: 1 g = 1,000 mg 1 oz = 437.5 grains 1 kg = 1000 g 1 lb = 16 oz 1 t = 1,000 kg 1 stone = 14 lb 1 cwt = 112 lb
1 ton = 20 cwt
Force
Newton N 1lbf = 4.448 N 1 kgf = 9.807 N Kilonewton kN 1lbf = 0.00448 kN 1 ton f = 9.964 kN Meganewton MN 100 tonf = 0.9964 MN
Pressure and stress
Kilonewton per 1 lbf/in2 = 6.895 kN/m2 square metre kN/m2 1 bar = 100 kN/m2 Meganewton per 1 tonf/ft2 = 107.3 kN/m2 = 0. 1073 MN/m2 square metre MN/m2 1 kgf/cm2 = 98.07 kN/m2 0.04788 1 lbf/ft2 = kN/m2
Temperature
Metric Equivalents
1 km = 1000 m
1 m = 100 cm
1 cm = 10 mm
1 km2 = 100 ha
1 m3 = 1,000 litres
1 metric tonne = 1,000 kg
1 quintal = 100 kg
1 N = 0.10197 kg
1 kg = 1000 g
1 g = 1000 mg
1 bar = 14.504 psi
1 cal = 427 kg.m
1 cal = 0.0016 cv.h
torque unit = 0.00116 kw.h
1 CV = 75 kg.m/s
1 kg/cm2 = 0.97 atmosph
English Unit Equivalents
1 mile = 1760 yd
1 yd = 3 ft
1 ft = 12 in
1 sq mile = 640 acres
1 acre = 43,560 sq ft
1 sq ft = 144 sq in
1 cu ft = 7.48 gal liq
1 gal = 231 cu in
= 4 quarts liq
1 quart = 32 fl oz
1 fl oz = 1.80 cu in
= 437.5 grains
1 stone = 14 lb
1 cwt = 112 lb
1 sh ton = 2000 lb
1 lg ton = 2240 lb
= 20 cwt
1 lb = 16 oz, avdp
1 Btu = 778 ft lb
= 0.000393 hph
= 0.000293 kwh
1 hp = 550 ft-lb/sec
Power Units
kW = Kilowatt
HP = Horsepower
CV = Cheval Vapeur (Steam Horsepower)
= French designation for Metric Horsepower
PS = Pferderstarke (Horsepower)
= German designation of Metric Horsepower
1 HP = 1.014 CV = 1.014 PS
= 0.7457 kW
1 PS = 1 CV = 0.9863 HP
= 0.7355 kW
1 kW = 1.341 HP
= 1.359 CV
= 1.359 PS
km/h m/min mph fpm
1 16.7 0.6 54.7 2 33.3 1.2 109.4 3 50.0 1.9 164.0 4 66.7 2.5 218.7 5 83.3 3.1 273.4
6 100.0 3.7 328.1 7 116.7 4.3 382.8 8 133.3 5.0 437.4 9 150.0 5.6 492.1 10 166.7 6.2 546.8
11 183.3 6.8 601.5 12 200.0 7.5 656.2 13 216.7 8.1 710.8 14 233.3 8.7 765.5 15 250.0 9.3 820.2
16 266.7 9.9 874.9 17 283.3 10.6 929.6 18 300.0 11.2 984.3 19 316.7 11.8 1038.9 20 333.3 12.4 1093.6
21 350.0 13.0 1148.3 22 366.7 13.7 1203.0 23 383.3 14.3 1257.7 24 400.0 14.9 1312.3 25 416.7 15.5 1367.0
26 433.3 16.2 1421.7 27 450.0 16.8 1476.4 28 466.7 17.4 1531.1 29 483.3 18.0 1585.7 30 500.0 18.6 1640.4
31 516.7 19.3 1695.1 32 533.3 19.9 1749.8 33 550.0 20.5 1804.5 34 566.7 21.1 1859.1 35 583.3 21.7 1913.8
km/h m/min mph fpm
36 600.0 22.4 1968.5 37 616.7 23.0 2023.2 38 633.3 23.6 2077.9 39 650.0 24.2 2132.5 40 666.7 24.9 2187.2
41 683.3 25.5 2241.9 42 700.0 26.1 2296.6 43 716.7 26.7 2351.3 44 733.3 27.3 2405.9 45 750.0 28.0 2460.6
46 766.7 28.6 2515.3 47 783.3 29.2 2570.0 48 800.0 29.8 2624.7 49 816.7 30.4 2679.4 50 833.3 31.1 2734.0
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Formula Description
Pythagoras theorem A2 = B2 + C2 where A is the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle and B and C are the two adjacent sides
Simpsons Rule The Area is divided into an even number of strips of equal width, and therefore has an odd number of ordinates at the division points
area = S (A + 2B + 4C) 3
where S = common interval (strip width) A = sum of first and last ordinates B = sum of remaining odd ordinates C = sum of the even ordinates
The Volume can be calculated by the same formula, but by substituting the area of each co-ordinate rather than its length.
