ABSTRACT
One of the main phenomena studied in the mechanics of brittle matrix composites is cracking. The cracks may be classifi ed according to various criteria; for example:
origin: cracks due to shrinkage and temperature variations in restrained • elements or due to load producing local tensions; position in the material structure: cracks in matrix, aggregates, interface • (bond cracks); width and importance: microcracks, macrocracks, major cracks that • lead to fi nal rupture; shape and pattern: single and multiple cracks, branching cracks, etc.;• exploitation of element: admissible or inadmissible cracks with respect • to the safety, serviceability or durability requirements; mode of rupture and of crack propagation: Modes I, II and III as well as • mixed modes may be distinguished (cf. Figure 10.3).
