ABSTRACT
PROFILE MODIFICATION Added material below neutral line, also removal from above, increase stability. Neutral line is where slip surface is horizontal below undrained slide; displaced to where dip of slip surface = $ in drained state. Berm ledges, about 5 m wide on steps 10 m high, redistribute load and stabilize circular slips in weak rock. Small failures on steep faces of steps land on berms harmlessly. Hanging blocks, slabs and wedges, which rest on daylighting, unfavourably orientated fractures, can be removed; may leave asymmetrical road cuttings in beds with dip > <|). Toe weight is effective, especially where lower end of slip surface turns up. May be mass concrete, rock fill, earth bank reinforced with geogrids, or thick crib walls. Size must restrain formation of new underriding slip surface reaching beneath new toe. Unloading head of slide generally has less effect. Original cause of failure should be removed where possible: river bank erosion control or sea wall to prevent toe removal.
