ABSTRACT

E a r t h q u a k e response of ear thworks and foundat ions is an impor tan t p rob ­ lem in ear thquake engineering because damage of structures is related closely to g round or soil. Study in this branch of ea r thquake engineering has been active internat ional ly for several decades. This b ranch of science also includes dynamic properties of soils, wave propagation in soil, soil-structure interact ion, pile foundat ions , underg round structures and soil liquefaction.