ARTERIAL BLOO D [H* ] (nmol/Liter ) ARTERIAL BLOO DpH

Figure 3.4 Identificatio n o f various acid-base disturbances. Acut e disorders ar e synony - mous w i t h uncompensate d disturbances , wherea s chroni c condition s ar e synonymou s w i t h partiall y compensate d o r compensate d disturbances . I f a specifi c case fall s outsid e the shade d areas , a compoun d acid-bas e disturbanc e ma y b e suspected , suc h a s th e coexistence o f respiratory acidosi s (partiall y compensated ) an d metaboli c alkalosis . Unshaded area s may also indicat e a transient stat e between a n acut e (uncompensated ) stat e and a chronic (partiall y compensated ) condition . (Fro m Coga n M G , Rector F C Jr., Seldi n DW. I n Brenner B M , an d Recto r FC Jr, eds . Th e Kidney, 2n d ed. , Vol . 1 , Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1986 , p. 860. )

Example 3. 6

A patien t wit h slo w an d shallo w breathin g had a pC0 2 o f 5 8 m m H g a n d a

total C 0 2 o f 33. 8 meq/L . Wha t is th e acid-bas e status ?