ABSTRACT
Results obtained under transient conditions can be different from those depicted in Fig. 12.4 [ 16]. A very readable account of the actual mechanisms of drop breakup may be found in the Ph.D. dissertation of Janssen [ 18]: only a knowledge of the breakup mechanism allows one to calculate the time needed for drop breakup and the resulting droplet size. Many emulsions contain a surface-active agent, and its presence can alter the process of drop deformation and breakup. The influence of added surfactants has been examined by Stone and Leal [19] and reviewed by Stone [20]. Other authors have considered the behavior of Newtonian drops in a viscoelastic matrix ]21]. that of viscoelastic drops in Newtonian liquids ]22]. and polymeric liquids dispersed in another polymeric liquid [2325]. In general, non-Newtonian polymer melts have a greater tendency to form filaments than do Newtonian liquids. This is due to the elastic nature of polymer melts.
