ABSTRACT
Description (Adults): Length 1-35 mm (mostly 2-8 mm); form very elongate to ovoid (Figs. 1-40.22); color yellowish, reddish-brown, brown, or black, occasionally iridescent in part; generally well sclerotized; nearly glabrous to densely setose or pubescent; with or without surface microsculpture. Head variously shaped, prognathous to hypognathous, with or without distinct neck, sometimes with epistomal suture. Compound eyes usually present, pair of ocelli sometimes present. Antenna usually of 11 antennomeres, but with only 10, 9,
or 3 in a few genera (also 4-8 in some non-North American ones), usually filiform but sometimes weakly or moderately clubbed. Labrum free, variable in shape, frequently emarginate anteriorly. Mandibles usually projecting and acute, sometimes apically blunt or not visible, often with one or more teeth on the mesal surface; with or without basal molar area. Maxilla with two distinct inner
lobes (galea usually brush-like, lacinia usually comb-like), palp with four (rarely five) palpomeres. Labium variable in form, with a pair of palps usually composed of three palpomeres. Mentum present. Gular area well sclerotized, gular sutures separate, fused, or absent. One or two pair of cervical sclerites usually present.
