ABSTRACT
This chapter outlines the basic features of logic gates and memory elements. Logic gates are the essential building blocks of the digital systems. If the logic gates are viewed at a deeper level they can be broken down into two types. First, logic gates built from bipolar transistors are fast, but require relatively more power. Second, logic gates based on Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) transistors consume less power, however the delays are longer. Digital systems are built from numerous logic gates. It would be useful for isolate parts of the system which contain only Combinational Logic Circuits (CLC). A dramatic step forward in the design of digital systems was the concept of Sequential Logic Circuits (SLC). Other terms used for this model are Finite State Machines (FSM) or sequential machines. When a digital system accesses a location in the memory it generates a certain number of signals termed address.
