ABSTRACT
Figure 38 Tensile strength of Pb and Pb-Sb alloys as a function of temperature [2,152]. (Courtesy of Springer Verlag, New York.)
Figure 39 The variation of tensile strength of lead with grain size [2,29]. (Courtesy of Springer Verlag, New York.)
Table 22 Variation of Tensile Strength and Elongation of Lead with Temperature [102)
Temperature eC) Tensile strength (MPa) Elongation (8) (%)
20 13.2 31
82 7.8
150 4.9
195 3.9
265 2
Figure 40 A relationship between breaking strain (elongation) and UTS for refined Pb and Pb-Te and Pb-Sb-As alloy [2.153a]. (Courtesy of Springer Verlag. New York.)
Table 23 Recommended Loads for Different Brinell Hardness Ranges [2]
Test Load (kg) 15.6 31.2 62.5 125 250 Hardness range (HB ), kg/mm2 0.38-4.9 0.75-9.75 1.5-19.5 3-39 5.6-78.8
Figure 41 Dependence of hardness on duration of testing [2,155]. (Courtesy of Springer Verlag, New York.)
Figure 42 Compressive stress or the average specific work of impact for lead versus percentage of compression [2,163]. (Courtesy of Springer Verlag, New York.)
5 10 a.. ::i:
0 1 2 J q Alloying constituent (at.%) 5
Figure 43 Resistance to impact versus percentage of alloying element [2,164]. (Courtesy of Springer Verlag, New York.)
strain-rate plane strain plastometer which can apply very high compression rates (O.4-311 S-I strain rates) and, thus, simulate practical working processes. Between 22°C and 300°C, they observed that stress-strain data obeyed the relationship (J" =(J"~m. The strain-rate sensitivity, m, varied from 0.04 (E = 0.1 at 22°C) to 0.26 (E = 0.5 at 300°C). Notched-bar impact tests on coarse-and fine-grained specimens, 15 X 15 X 180 mm3 and notched to a depth of as much as 10 mm, resulted in brittle fracture [29] which is in contrast with ductile fracture generally observed in lead. Coarse-grained specimens had a lower value. The impact resistances of commercial lead at 20°C, -183°C, and -253°C were >2.3, >3.7, and >4.4 m kg/cm2, respectively [166]. Ductile fracture was observed in these tests at all temperatures of this test.
