ABSTRACT
For regeneration of the biosensor the bound analyte is split from the immobilized bioligand by changing the composition of the mobile phase as it is known from the elution step in affinity chromatography. Irreversible structure alterations in this regeneration step result in a loss of specificity and a decreased lifetime. The second basic type is the enzymatic/metabolic sensor. Here the recognition of the substrate by the immobilized receiver (enzymes on different levels of integration: i.e., purified enzymes, organelles, microorganisms, or tissue slices) is followed immediately by chemical conversion to the corresponding product that is detected. A combination of both principles-binding of the analyte without its chemical conversion and signal generation by converting an auxiliary substance-is realized in catalytic biosensors for the determination of prosthetic groups and inhibitors as well as in enzyme immunosensors.
