ABSTRACT
Biotechnology plays a very important role in agriculture as a result of its ability to modify microorganisms, plants, animals and agricultural processes. The umbrella of microbial biotechnology in agriculture covers numerous scientific activities, ranging from production of biofertilizers to that of microbial pesticides; from biological nitrogen fixation to lignocellulose deg radation; from production of biomass and biofuels to transgenic plants. Similarly, in aquaculture biotechnology, the subject ranges from biofertilizers to phosphorus solubilization and lignocellulose degradation, microbial degradation of pollutants to adsorption of heavy metals, from formation of biofilm to bioprocessing of biomaterials such as metabolites, proteins, enzymes, polysaccharides, etc., which can ultimately lead to new industrial processes and better control of pests and diseases. Aquaculture research is being used to develop and commercialize vaccines and therapeutics to treat and control whirling and other diseases of fish and prawn, which together, cause losses to the time of $ 30 billion in international aquaculture and fishing industries.
