ABSTRACT
Various Bt-based formulations have been used commercially as biopesticides in forestry and agriculture for about 50 years. Due to the high cost associated with these biocontrol agents, until recently use of Bt has been limited to only the markets of organic farming and greenhouse applications. Hence, the issue of evolution of resistance in insects to the insecticidal proteins of Bt had not been seriously addressed. However, with the development and widespread use of insect tolerant transgenic Bt crops in commercial agriculture, the management of insect resistance has become an important concern.
