Surface soiling pattern detected by integrated digital photography and image processing on exposed limestone in Oxford, England

With the integrated digital photography and image processing (IDIP) method introduced by Thornbush & Viles (2004a), it is now possible to examine entire surfaces to investigate lightness and colouration. The IDIP application is ideal for scientific investigations requiring cross-temporal evaluations of environmental change. Here, it has been used to analyse part of the Environmental Monitoring of Integrated Traffic Strategies (EMITS) project of the Oxford Transport Strategy (OTS) between 1996 and 2001 in the city centre of Oxford, England.