ABSTRACT
The centrifugal pump's wide diversity in application is the result of its adaptability through various modifications. These modifications include variations in impeller design, including the use of semi-open, open, or closed impellers; vertical or horizontal shaft configuration; and different priming mechanisms, such as conventional flooded-suction, self-priming, and vacuum-priming. Each of these variations enables pumps to meet certain design criteria, including head, capacity, and efficiency requirements, while ensuring maintenance accessibility, eliminating pump clogging, and accommodating piping needs. One example is if there is a need to produce higher discharge heads, the pump may be modified to include several additional impellers. Another example is if the material being pumped contains a large amount of material that could clog the pump, the pump construction may be modified to remove the major portion of the impeller from direct contact with material being pumped.
