ABSTRACT
The analysis of members and frames is commonly carried out in design offices using commercial software based on either the stiffness method or the finite-element approach. This chapter outlines how these methods can be used for the long-term analyses of concrete structures, accounting for the effects of creep and shrinkage. The solution procedures required for the methods are well established (Refs 1-3) and only a brief overview of them is provided here. Throughout the chapter frequent reference is made to Appendix A, where the detailed derivations required to establish the proposed approaches are outlined. Worked examples are also presented to better illustrate the methods.
