ABSTRACT
Some years later, Stanton and Pannell3, working at the National Physical Laboratory, investigated in considerable detail the head loss in smooth brass pipes conveying both air and water. On a dimension less graph of A (actually r 0/F 2) against R the plotted points were found
or ht oc F 1'75 (5.15)
to be compactly situated along a single curve. The curve in the turbulent zone agreed quite well with the Blasius formula for values o f R up to 105, but after this point there was increasing divergence, indicating that the power by which V should be raised was not constant but increased with R. Confirmation of this characteristic was provided by the experi mental results of other investigators.
