ABSTRACT
In the sphere of naval architecture the testing of model ships in a towing tank provides valuable guidance on hull design. W. A. Froude pioneered this type of model investigation as early as the middle of the last century. The wind tunnel and water tunnel are more recent adjuncts in model testing. They have an indispensable role in modern aircraft design, and the former is also useful in connection with structural models when it is required to evaluate the pressures and vibrations caused by wind. In the case of hydraulic machinery, notably pumps and turbines, suitable testing facilities are maintained by most large manu facturers. Model tests are of value both for design purposes and as a convenient means of verifying specified performance. The best pro portions for suction wells and tailbays are associated problems that are also amenable to model investigation.
