ABSTRACT
Further Reading .................................................................................................................211
A steel that contains, in addition to iron and up to 2% carbon, specially introduced chemical
elements not found in a usual carbon steel is called an alloy steel. Chemical elements
purposely added into steel are termed alloying elements. Steels may contain various numbers
of alloying elements, and accordingly they are classified as ternary steels, which have, along
with Fe and C, one specially introduced alloying element; quaternary steels, which contain
two additional alloying elements, and so on. Alloying elements impart a wide variety of
microstructures to steel after heat treatment that gives scope for a wide range of properties.
