ABSTRACT

Forhomogeneoussolidsaswellasforpureliquids,'Yfw,-y{and'Yicanbedetermined;e.g., viacontactanglemeasurementst(liquid/solid)orinterfacialtensionmeasurements(liquid/liquid)(4,10).Forwholebiopolymers,alltheseparameterscanbemeasured,bothinthedryand

in the hydrated state (11). Unfortunately, however, a given epitope on a protein, or on a polysaccharide, is much too small for such measurements.