ABSTRACT

Weights of materials

Ashes

Ballast

Chalk

Clay

Flint

Gravel

Hardcore

Hoggin

Lime, ground

Sand

Water

Shrinkage of deposited materials

Clay

Gravel

Sandy soil

kg/m3

%

7.5

+40

dry 42 moist 38

These figures relate to working in normal conditions. Reduce by 25% for light duties and increase by 50% for heavy duties.