ABSTRACT
The decoration of high-rise buildings using ceramic tile finishes contribute not only to improve the stark appearance, but also offer some degree of protection from carbonation attack to the concrete surface beneath. Unfortunately, almost every building would experience some degree of failures on its ceramic tile finish [1]. This directly influence the effect of protection on the building. Most of these failures manifest themselves as hollowing, cracks, discoloration or disintegration of the finishing material, or by the finishing material separating from its support system. However, according to the statistics, it is concluded from these failure patterns that the hollow area of tile is the main cause of the tiling system defects, resulting in debonding and, in some instances, detachment and collapse.
