ABSTRACT
White-tailed deer are widely distributed in North and South America (Branan et al., 1985; Smith, 1991; Miller et al., 2003; Weber and Gonzalez, 2003; Chapter 1 of this book) and occur sympatrically with numerous potential competitors, both wild and domestic. In northern and western regions of North America across a wide variety of habitats, white-tailed deer can occur sympatrically with moose, elk, and mule deer. Increasingly, white-tailed deer are exposed to potential competition with exotic ungulates (e.g., feral hogs, nilgai, and European fallow deer), domestic cattle, sheep, and goats.
