ABSTRACT
One of the major triumphs of quantum theory was a rational explanation of the periodic table of the elements that had been determined from experimental observation long before the advent of quantum mechanics. In addition to their ubiquitousness, silicates were singled out above for another reason, namely, as the distinguishing chemistry between traditional and modern ceramics. Solids that exhibit long-range order are referred to as crystalline, while those in which that periodicity is lacking are known as amorphous, glassy or noncrystalline solids. Many people associate the word ceramics with pottery, sculpture, sanitary ware, and tiles. And whereas this view is not incorrect, it is incomplete because it considers only the traditional, or silicate-based, ceramics. Mechanical applications of ceramics at room temperature usually exploit their hardness, wear and corrosion resistance. The applications include cutting tools, nozzles, valves and ball bearings in aggressive environments.
