ABSTRACT
Over the last few decades, there has been an overwhelming evidence for a crucial role of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are intertwined, and one leads to the other turning on a cycle of toxic effects, leading ultimately to cellular demise. Mitochondrial dysfunction has catastrophic effects especially for neurons because of their high energy demands, polarized cellular architecture, and limited regenerative capacity. In this chapter, reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial health will be addressed in the backdrop of major neurodegenerative disorders affecting millions of people worldwide. We also discuss in a greater detail the evidence for and therapeutic approaches targeting oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in Huntington’s disease.
