ABSTRACT
I. Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 782 II. Microbial Production of Fats and Other Lipids .................................................................... 782
A. Production of Fats and Fatty Acids in Microbial Cell Factory .................................... 782 1. Triacylglycerol ........................................................................................................ 782 2. Fatty Acids ............................................................................................................. 785
B. Other Lipids Produced by Microbiological Cell Factory ............................................. 787 1. Sterols ..................................................................................................................... 787 2. Wax ......................................................................................................................... 789 3. Ketones and Lactones .............................................................................................790 4. Biosurfactants ......................................................................................................... 791
III. Modication of Lipids Using Isolated Enzymes .................................................................. 792 A. Lipases/Esterases and Catalytic Specicities for Multipurpose Applications ............. 792 B. Structured Triacylglycerols .......................................................................................... 792
1. Cocoa Butter Substitutes ........................................................................................ 792 2. Human Milk Fat Replacers .................................................................................... 794 3. Nutraceuticals ......................................................................................................... 795
C. Bioesters, Long-Chain Esters, and Flavor Esters ......................................................... 795 D. Wax Esters and Steryl Esters ....................................................................................... 796 E. Monoacylglycerols and Diacylglycerols ....................................................................... 797 F. Lipophilic Phenolics ..................................................................................................... 798 G. Lactones and Estolides .................................................................................................800 H. Sugar Fatty Acid Esters, Alkylglycosides, and Other Hydroxy Compounds ...............800 I. Amides .........................................................................................................................802 J. Other Enzymes Related to Lipid Processes .................................................................803
