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African American Political Thought, 1890-1930
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African American Political Thought, 1890-1930

Washington, Du Bois, Garvey and Randolph

African American Political Thought, 1890-1930

Washington, Du Bois, Garvey and Randolph

Edited ByCary D. Wintz
Edition 1st Edition
First Published 1995
eBook Published 20 May 2015
Pub. location New York
Imprint Routledge
DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4324/9781315706641
Pages 272 pages
eBook ISBN 9781317477471
SubjectsArea Studies, Humanities, Politics & International Relations
Get Citation

Get Citation

Wintz, C. (Ed.). (1996). African American Political Thought, 1890-1930. New York: Routledge, https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315706641
ABOUT THIS BOOK

This text presents a selection of essays and speeches written between 1890 and 1930 by Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois, A. Philip Randolph and Marcus Garvey. The work analyses African-American political thought, defining the options confronting African Americans in the 20th century.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
chapter |18 pages
Introduction
View abstract
part I|2 pages
Booker T. Washington
chapter 1|2 pages
Letter to the Editor, Montgomery Advertiser, April 30, 1885
View abstract
chapter 2|4 pages
Atlanta Exposition Address
View abstract
chapter 3|3 pages
Address at the Unveiling of the Monument to Robert Gould Shaw
View abstract
chapter 4|3 pages
Open Letter to the Louisiana Constitutional Convention, February 19, 1898
View abstract
chapter 5|1 pages
Letter to W.E.B. Du Bois, October 26, 1899
View abstract
chapter 6|4 pages
Interview, Atlanta Constitution, November 10, 1899
View abstract
chapter 7|1 pages
Letter to W.E.B. Du Bois, March 11, 1900
View abstract
chapter 8|1 pages
Letter to the Editor of the Montgomery Advertiser, September 23, 1901
View abstract
chapter 9|1 pages
Letter to Theodore Roosevelt, October 16, 1901
View abstract
chapter 10|2 pages
The Negro and the Signs of Civilization
View abstract
chapter 11|2 pages
Statement on Suffrage, Philadelphia North American
View abstract
chapter 12|2 pages
Statement Before the Washington Conference on the Race Problem in the United States
View abstract
chapter 13|4 pages
Speech to the National Afro-American Council
View abstract
chapter 14|1 pages
Letter to W.E.B. Du Bois, January 27, 1904
View abstract
chapter 15|1 pages
A Protest against Lynching
View abstract
chapter 16|5 pages
The Negro and the Labor Problem of the South
View abstract
chapter 17|2 pages
Letter to President Theodore Roosevelt, December 26, 1904
View abstract
chapter 18|4 pages
The Negro in the North: Are His Advantages as Great as in the South
View abstract
chapter 19|2 pages
Letter to William Howard Taft, June 4, 1908
View abstract
chapter 20|2 pages
A Statement on Lynching
View abstract
chapter 21|3 pages
Letter to the Editor, Montgomery Advertiser, December 30, 1910
View abstract
chapter 22|2 pages
Letter to C. Elias Winston, October 2, 1914
View abstract
chapter 23|5 pages
Speech to the National Negro Business League, August 18, 1915
View abstract
chapter 24|5 pages
My View of Segregation Laws
View abstract
part II|2 pages
W.E.B. Du Bois
chapter 1|6 pages
Letter to Booker T. Washington, September 24, 1895
View abstract
chapter 3|1 pages
Letter to Booker T. Washington, February 17, 1900
View abstract
chapter 4|3 pages
The Evolution of Negro Leadership
View abstract
chapter 5|3 pages
The Parting of the Ways
View abstract
chapter 6|4 pages
Letter to Oswald Garrison Villard, March 24, 1905
View abstract
chapter 7|4 pages
Declaration of Principles
View abstract
chapter 8|2 pages
Two Editorials: "The Crisis" and "Agitation"
View abstract
chapter 9|1 pages
A Philosophy for 1913
View abstract
chapter 10|4 pages
The Immediate Program of the American Negro
View abstract
chapter 11|3 pages
"Booker T. Washington" and "An Open Letter to Robert Russa Moton"
View abstract
chapter 12|2 pages
Close Ranks
View abstract
chapter 14|3 pages
White Co-workers
View abstract
chapter 15|8 pages
Marcus Garvey
View abstract
chapter 16|2 pages
A Lunatic or a Traitor
View abstract
chapter 17|5 pages
The Tragedy of "Jim Crow"
View abstract
chapter 18|3 pages
The New Crisis
View abstract
chapter 19|6 pages
Race Relations in the United States
View abstract
chapter 20|1 pages
Economic Disfranchisement
View abstract
chapter 21|6 pages
Marxism and the Negro Problem
View abstract
chapter 22|3 pages
Pan-Africa and New Racial Philosophy
View abstract
chapter 23|2 pages
Segregation
View abstract
chapter 24|2 pages
The Board of Directors on Segregation
View abstract
chapter 25|8 pages
A Negro Nation within the Nation
View abstract
part III|2 pages
Marcus Garvey
chapter 1|9 pages
The Negro's Greatest Enemy
View abstract
chapter 2|6 pages
Letter to Robert Russa Moton, February 29, 1916
View abstract
chapter 3|3 pages
West Indies in the Mirror of Truth
View abstract
chapter 4|3 pages
Editorials in Negro World: "Advice of the Negro to Peace Conference" and "Race Discrimination Must Go"
View abstract
chapter 5|5 pages
George Cross Van Dusen to J. Edgar Hoover, March 19, 1921
View abstract
chapter 6|4 pages
Address to the New York City Division of the UNIA, January 26, 1919
View abstract
chapter 7|9 pages
Address to UNIA Supporters in Philadelphia, October 21, 1919
View abstract
chapter 8|7 pages
Declaration of the Rights of the Negro Peoples of the World
View abstract
chapter 9|3 pages
Editorial Letter in Negro World, September 11, 1920
View abstract
chapter 10|6 pages
Address to the Second UNIA Convention, New York, August 31, 1921
View abstract
chapter 11|5 pages
Motive of the NAACP Exposed
View abstract
chapter 12|5 pages
The Wonders of the White Man in Building America
View abstract
chapter 13|4 pages
What We Believe
View abstract
chapter 15|5 pages
Two Editorial Letters from New Orleans, December 10, 1927
View abstract
part IV|2 pages
A. Philip Randolph
chapter 1|8 pages
The Negro in Politics
View abstract
chapter 2|6 pages
Lynching: Capitalism Its Cause; Socialism Its Cure
View abstract
chapter 3|2 pages
New Leadership for the Negro
View abstract
chapter 4|5 pages
The Crisis of the Crisis
View abstract
chapter 5|3 pages
Two Editorials: "Racial Equality" and "The Failure of the Negro Church"
View abstract
chapter 6|3 pages
The Negro Radicals
View abstract
chapter 7|3 pages
The New Negro—What Is He?
View abstract
chapter 8|1 pages
Garvey Unfairly Attacked
View abstract
chapter 9|2 pages
Marcus Garvey!
View abstract
chapter 10|8 pages
Reply to Marcus Garvey
View abstract
chapter 11|5 pages
The State of the Race
View abstract
chapter 12|7 pages
Segregation in the Public Schools: A Promise or a Menace
View abstract
chapter 13|2 pages
Jim Crow Niggers
View abstract
chapter 14|1 pages
Negroes and the Labor Movement
View abstract
chapter 15|5 pages
The Negro and Economic Radicalism
View abstract
chapter 16|3 pages
The New Pullman Porter
View abstract
chapter 17|8 pages
The Negro Faces the Future
View abstract
chapter 18|1 pages
The Need of a Labor Background
View abstract
chapter 19|2 pages
Hating All White People
View abstract
chapter 20|2 pages
Negro Congressmen
View abstract
chapter 21|1 pages
Consumers' Co-operation
View abstract
chapter 22|10 pages
The Economic Crisis of the Negro
View abstract

This text presents a selection of essays and speeches written between 1890 and 1930 by Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois, A. Philip Randolph and Marcus Garvey. The work analyses African-American political thought, defining the options confronting African Americans in the 20th century.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
chapter |18 pages
Introduction
View abstract
part I|2 pages
Booker T. Washington
chapter 1|2 pages
Letter to the Editor, Montgomery Advertiser, April 30, 1885
View abstract
chapter 2|4 pages
Atlanta Exposition Address
View abstract
chapter 3|3 pages
Address at the Unveiling of the Monument to Robert Gould Shaw
View abstract
chapter 4|3 pages
Open Letter to the Louisiana Constitutional Convention, February 19, 1898
View abstract
chapter 5|1 pages
Letter to W.E.B. Du Bois, October 26, 1899
View abstract
chapter 6|4 pages
Interview, Atlanta Constitution, November 10, 1899
View abstract
chapter 7|1 pages
Letter to W.E.B. Du Bois, March 11, 1900
View abstract
chapter 8|1 pages
Letter to the Editor of the Montgomery Advertiser, September 23, 1901
View abstract
chapter 9|1 pages
Letter to Theodore Roosevelt, October 16, 1901
View abstract
chapter 10|2 pages
The Negro and the Signs of Civilization
View abstract
chapter 11|2 pages
Statement on Suffrage, Philadelphia North American
View abstract
chapter 12|2 pages
Statement Before the Washington Conference on the Race Problem in the United States
View abstract
chapter 13|4 pages
Speech to the National Afro-American Council
View abstract
chapter 14|1 pages
Letter to W.E.B. Du Bois, January 27, 1904
View abstract
chapter 15|1 pages
A Protest against Lynching
View abstract
chapter 16|5 pages
The Negro and the Labor Problem of the South
View abstract
chapter 17|2 pages
Letter to President Theodore Roosevelt, December 26, 1904
View abstract
chapter 18|4 pages
The Negro in the North: Are His Advantages as Great as in the South
View abstract
chapter 19|2 pages
Letter to William Howard Taft, June 4, 1908
View abstract
chapter 20|2 pages
A Statement on Lynching
View abstract
chapter 21|3 pages
Letter to the Editor, Montgomery Advertiser, December 30, 1910
View abstract
chapter 22|2 pages
Letter to C. Elias Winston, October 2, 1914
View abstract
chapter 23|5 pages
Speech to the National Negro Business League, August 18, 1915
View abstract
chapter 24|5 pages
My View of Segregation Laws
View abstract
part II|2 pages
W.E.B. Du Bois
chapter 1|6 pages
Letter to Booker T. Washington, September 24, 1895
View abstract
chapter 3|1 pages
Letter to Booker T. Washington, February 17, 1900
View abstract
chapter 4|3 pages
The Evolution of Negro Leadership
View abstract
chapter 5|3 pages
The Parting of the Ways
View abstract
chapter 6|4 pages
Letter to Oswald Garrison Villard, March 24, 1905
View abstract
chapter 7|4 pages
Declaration of Principles
View abstract
chapter 8|2 pages
Two Editorials: "The Crisis" and "Agitation"
View abstract
chapter 9|1 pages
A Philosophy for 1913
View abstract
chapter 10|4 pages
The Immediate Program of the American Negro
View abstract
chapter 11|3 pages
"Booker T. Washington" and "An Open Letter to Robert Russa Moton"
View abstract
chapter 12|2 pages
Close Ranks
View abstract
chapter 14|3 pages
White Co-workers
View abstract
chapter 15|8 pages
Marcus Garvey
View abstract
chapter 16|2 pages
A Lunatic or a Traitor
View abstract
chapter 17|5 pages
The Tragedy of "Jim Crow"
View abstract
chapter 18|3 pages
The New Crisis
View abstract
chapter 19|6 pages
Race Relations in the United States
View abstract
chapter 20|1 pages
Economic Disfranchisement
View abstract
chapter 21|6 pages
Marxism and the Negro Problem
View abstract
chapter 22|3 pages
Pan-Africa and New Racial Philosophy
View abstract
chapter 23|2 pages
Segregation
View abstract
chapter 24|2 pages
The Board of Directors on Segregation
View abstract
chapter 25|8 pages
A Negro Nation within the Nation
View abstract
part III|2 pages
Marcus Garvey
chapter 1|9 pages
The Negro's Greatest Enemy
View abstract
chapter 2|6 pages
Letter to Robert Russa Moton, February 29, 1916
View abstract
chapter 3|3 pages
West Indies in the Mirror of Truth
View abstract
chapter 4|3 pages
Editorials in Negro World: "Advice of the Negro to Peace Conference" and "Race Discrimination Must Go"
View abstract
chapter 5|5 pages
George Cross Van Dusen to J. Edgar Hoover, March 19, 1921
View abstract
chapter 6|4 pages
Address to the New York City Division of the UNIA, January 26, 1919
View abstract
chapter 7|9 pages
Address to UNIA Supporters in Philadelphia, October 21, 1919
View abstract
chapter 8|7 pages
Declaration of the Rights of the Negro Peoples of the World
View abstract
chapter 9|3 pages
Editorial Letter in Negro World, September 11, 1920
View abstract
chapter 10|6 pages
Address to the Second UNIA Convention, New York, August 31, 1921
View abstract
chapter 11|5 pages
Motive of the NAACP Exposed
View abstract
chapter 12|5 pages
The Wonders of the White Man in Building America
View abstract
chapter 13|4 pages
What We Believe
View abstract
chapter 15|5 pages
Two Editorial Letters from New Orleans, December 10, 1927
View abstract
part IV|2 pages
A. Philip Randolph
chapter 1|8 pages
The Negro in Politics
View abstract
chapter 2|6 pages
Lynching: Capitalism Its Cause; Socialism Its Cure
View abstract
chapter 3|2 pages
New Leadership for the Negro
View abstract
chapter 4|5 pages
The Crisis of the Crisis
View abstract
chapter 5|3 pages
Two Editorials: "Racial Equality" and "The Failure of the Negro Church"
View abstract
chapter 6|3 pages
The Negro Radicals
View abstract
chapter 7|3 pages
The New Negro—What Is He?
View abstract
chapter 8|1 pages
Garvey Unfairly Attacked
View abstract
chapter 9|2 pages
Marcus Garvey!
View abstract
chapter 10|8 pages
Reply to Marcus Garvey
View abstract
chapter 11|5 pages
The State of the Race
View abstract
chapter 12|7 pages
Segregation in the Public Schools: A Promise or a Menace
View abstract
chapter 13|2 pages
Jim Crow Niggers
View abstract
chapter 14|1 pages
Negroes and the Labor Movement
View abstract
chapter 15|5 pages
The Negro and Economic Radicalism
View abstract
chapter 16|3 pages
The New Pullman Porter
View abstract
chapter 17|8 pages
The Negro Faces the Future
View abstract
chapter 18|1 pages
The Need of a Labor Background
View abstract
chapter 19|2 pages
Hating All White People
View abstract
chapter 20|2 pages
Negro Congressmen
View abstract
chapter 21|1 pages
Consumers' Co-operation
View abstract
chapter 22|10 pages
The Economic Crisis of the Negro
View abstract
CONTENTS
ABOUT THIS BOOK

This text presents a selection of essays and speeches written between 1890 and 1930 by Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois, A. Philip Randolph and Marcus Garvey. The work analyses African-American political thought, defining the options confronting African Americans in the 20th century.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
chapter |18 pages
Introduction
View abstract
part I|2 pages
Booker T. Washington
chapter 1|2 pages
Letter to the Editor, Montgomery Advertiser, April 30, 1885
View abstract
chapter 2|4 pages
Atlanta Exposition Address
View abstract
chapter 3|3 pages
Address at the Unveiling of the Monument to Robert Gould Shaw
View abstract
chapter 4|3 pages
Open Letter to the Louisiana Constitutional Convention, February 19, 1898
View abstract
chapter 5|1 pages
Letter to W.E.B. Du Bois, October 26, 1899
View abstract
chapter 6|4 pages
Interview, Atlanta Constitution, November 10, 1899
View abstract
chapter 7|1 pages
Letter to W.E.B. Du Bois, March 11, 1900
View abstract
chapter 8|1 pages
Letter to the Editor of the Montgomery Advertiser, September 23, 1901
View abstract
chapter 9|1 pages
Letter to Theodore Roosevelt, October 16, 1901
View abstract
chapter 10|2 pages
The Negro and the Signs of Civilization
View abstract
chapter 11|2 pages
Statement on Suffrage, Philadelphia North American
View abstract
chapter 12|2 pages
Statement Before the Washington Conference on the Race Problem in the United States
View abstract
chapter 13|4 pages
Speech to the National Afro-American Council
View abstract
chapter 14|1 pages
Letter to W.E.B. Du Bois, January 27, 1904
View abstract
chapter 15|1 pages
A Protest against Lynching
View abstract
chapter 16|5 pages
The Negro and the Labor Problem of the South
View abstract
chapter 17|2 pages
Letter to President Theodore Roosevelt, December 26, 1904
View abstract
chapter 18|4 pages
The Negro in the North: Are His Advantages as Great as in the South
View abstract
chapter 19|2 pages
Letter to William Howard Taft, June 4, 1908
View abstract
chapter 20|2 pages
A Statement on Lynching
View abstract
chapter 21|3 pages
Letter to the Editor, Montgomery Advertiser, December 30, 1910
View abstract
chapter 22|2 pages
Letter to C. Elias Winston, October 2, 1914
View abstract
chapter 23|5 pages
Speech to the National Negro Business League, August 18, 1915
View abstract
chapter 24|5 pages
My View of Segregation Laws
View abstract
part II|2 pages
W.E.B. Du Bois
chapter 1|6 pages
Letter to Booker T. Washington, September 24, 1895
View abstract
chapter 3|1 pages
Letter to Booker T. Washington, February 17, 1900
View abstract
chapter 4|3 pages
The Evolution of Negro Leadership
View abstract
chapter 5|3 pages
The Parting of the Ways
View abstract
chapter 6|4 pages
Letter to Oswald Garrison Villard, March 24, 1905
View abstract
chapter 7|4 pages
Declaration of Principles
View abstract
chapter 8|2 pages
Two Editorials: "The Crisis" and "Agitation"
View abstract
chapter 9|1 pages
A Philosophy for 1913
View abstract
chapter 10|4 pages
The Immediate Program of the American Negro
View abstract
chapter 11|3 pages
"Booker T. Washington" and "An Open Letter to Robert Russa Moton"
View abstract
chapter 12|2 pages
Close Ranks
View abstract
chapter 14|3 pages
White Co-workers
View abstract
chapter 15|8 pages
Marcus Garvey
View abstract
chapter 16|2 pages
A Lunatic or a Traitor
View abstract
chapter 17|5 pages
The Tragedy of "Jim Crow"
View abstract
chapter 18|3 pages
The New Crisis
View abstract
chapter 19|6 pages
Race Relations in the United States
View abstract
chapter 20|1 pages
Economic Disfranchisement
View abstract
chapter 21|6 pages
Marxism and the Negro Problem
View abstract
chapter 22|3 pages
Pan-Africa and New Racial Philosophy
View abstract
chapter 23|2 pages
Segregation
View abstract
chapter 24|2 pages
The Board of Directors on Segregation
View abstract
chapter 25|8 pages
A Negro Nation within the Nation
View abstract
part III|2 pages
Marcus Garvey
chapter 1|9 pages
The Negro's Greatest Enemy
View abstract
chapter 2|6 pages
Letter to Robert Russa Moton, February 29, 1916
View abstract
chapter 3|3 pages
West Indies in the Mirror of Truth
View abstract
chapter 4|3 pages
Editorials in Negro World: "Advice of the Negro to Peace Conference" and "Race Discrimination Must Go"
View abstract
chapter 5|5 pages
George Cross Van Dusen to J. Edgar Hoover, March 19, 1921
View abstract
chapter 6|4 pages
Address to the New York City Division of the UNIA, January 26, 1919
View abstract
chapter 7|9 pages
Address to UNIA Supporters in Philadelphia, October 21, 1919
View abstract
chapter 8|7 pages
Declaration of the Rights of the Negro Peoples of the World
View abstract
chapter 9|3 pages
Editorial Letter in Negro World, September 11, 1920
View abstract
chapter 10|6 pages
Address to the Second UNIA Convention, New York, August 31, 1921
View abstract
chapter 11|5 pages
Motive of the NAACP Exposed
View abstract
chapter 12|5 pages
The Wonders of the White Man in Building America
View abstract
chapter 13|4 pages
What We Believe
View abstract
chapter 15|5 pages
Two Editorial Letters from New Orleans, December 10, 1927
View abstract
part IV|2 pages
A. Philip Randolph
chapter 1|8 pages
The Negro in Politics
View abstract
chapter 2|6 pages
Lynching: Capitalism Its Cause; Socialism Its Cure
View abstract
chapter 3|2 pages
New Leadership for the Negro
View abstract
chapter 4|5 pages
The Crisis of the Crisis
View abstract
chapter 5|3 pages
Two Editorials: "Racial Equality" and "The Failure of the Negro Church"
View abstract
chapter 6|3 pages
The Negro Radicals
View abstract
chapter 7|3 pages
The New Negro—What Is He?
View abstract
chapter 8|1 pages
Garvey Unfairly Attacked
View abstract
chapter 9|2 pages
Marcus Garvey!
View abstract
chapter 10|8 pages
Reply to Marcus Garvey
View abstract
chapter 11|5 pages
The State of the Race
View abstract
chapter 12|7 pages
Segregation in the Public Schools: A Promise or a Menace
View abstract
chapter 13|2 pages
Jim Crow Niggers
View abstract
chapter 14|1 pages
Negroes and the Labor Movement
View abstract
chapter 15|5 pages
The Negro and Economic Radicalism
View abstract
chapter 16|3 pages
The New Pullman Porter
View abstract
chapter 17|8 pages
The Negro Faces the Future
View abstract
chapter 18|1 pages
The Need of a Labor Background
View abstract
chapter 19|2 pages
Hating All White People
View abstract
chapter 20|2 pages
Negro Congressmen
View abstract
chapter 21|1 pages
Consumers' Co-operation
View abstract
chapter 22|10 pages
The Economic Crisis of the Negro
View abstract

This text presents a selection of essays and speeches written between 1890 and 1930 by Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois, A. Philip Randolph and Marcus Garvey. The work analyses African-American political thought, defining the options confronting African Americans in the 20th century.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
chapter |18 pages
Introduction
View abstract
part I|2 pages
Booker T. Washington
chapter 1|2 pages
Letter to the Editor, Montgomery Advertiser, April 30, 1885
View abstract
chapter 2|4 pages
Atlanta Exposition Address
View abstract
chapter 3|3 pages
Address at the Unveiling of the Monument to Robert Gould Shaw
View abstract
chapter 4|3 pages
Open Letter to the Louisiana Constitutional Convention, February 19, 1898
View abstract
chapter 5|1 pages
Letter to W.E.B. Du Bois, October 26, 1899
View abstract
chapter 6|4 pages
Interview, Atlanta Constitution, November 10, 1899
View abstract
chapter 7|1 pages
Letter to W.E.B. Du Bois, March 11, 1900
View abstract
chapter 8|1 pages
Letter to the Editor of the Montgomery Advertiser, September 23, 1901
View abstract
chapter 9|1 pages
Letter to Theodore Roosevelt, October 16, 1901
View abstract
chapter 10|2 pages
The Negro and the Signs of Civilization
View abstract
chapter 11|2 pages
Statement on Suffrage, Philadelphia North American
View abstract
chapter 12|2 pages
Statement Before the Washington Conference on the Race Problem in the United States
View abstract
chapter 13|4 pages
Speech to the National Afro-American Council
View abstract
chapter 14|1 pages
Letter to W.E.B. Du Bois, January 27, 1904
View abstract
chapter 15|1 pages
A Protest against Lynching
View abstract
chapter 16|5 pages
The Negro and the Labor Problem of the South
View abstract
chapter 17|2 pages
Letter to President Theodore Roosevelt, December 26, 1904
View abstract
chapter 18|4 pages
The Negro in the North: Are His Advantages as Great as in the South
View abstract
chapter 19|2 pages
Letter to William Howard Taft, June 4, 1908
View abstract
chapter 20|2 pages
A Statement on Lynching
View abstract
chapter 21|3 pages
Letter to the Editor, Montgomery Advertiser, December 30, 1910
View abstract
chapter 22|2 pages
Letter to C. Elias Winston, October 2, 1914
View abstract
chapter 23|5 pages
Speech to the National Negro Business League, August 18, 1915
View abstract
chapter 24|5 pages
My View of Segregation Laws
View abstract
part II|2 pages
W.E.B. Du Bois
chapter 1|6 pages
Letter to Booker T. Washington, September 24, 1895
View abstract
chapter 3|1 pages
Letter to Booker T. Washington, February 17, 1900
View abstract
chapter 4|3 pages
The Evolution of Negro Leadership
View abstract
chapter 5|3 pages
The Parting of the Ways
View abstract
chapter 6|4 pages
Letter to Oswald Garrison Villard, March 24, 1905
View abstract
chapter 7|4 pages
Declaration of Principles
View abstract
chapter 8|2 pages
Two Editorials: "The Crisis" and "Agitation"
View abstract
chapter 9|1 pages
A Philosophy for 1913
View abstract
chapter 10|4 pages
The Immediate Program of the American Negro
View abstract
chapter 11|3 pages
"Booker T. Washington" and "An Open Letter to Robert Russa Moton"
View abstract
chapter 12|2 pages
Close Ranks
View abstract
chapter 14|3 pages
White Co-workers
View abstract
chapter 15|8 pages
Marcus Garvey
View abstract
chapter 16|2 pages
A Lunatic or a Traitor
View abstract
chapter 17|5 pages
The Tragedy of "Jim Crow"
View abstract
chapter 18|3 pages
The New Crisis
View abstract
chapter 19|6 pages
Race Relations in the United States
View abstract
chapter 20|1 pages
Economic Disfranchisement
View abstract
chapter 21|6 pages
Marxism and the Negro Problem
View abstract
chapter 22|3 pages
Pan-Africa and New Racial Philosophy
View abstract
chapter 23|2 pages
Segregation
View abstract
chapter 24|2 pages
The Board of Directors on Segregation
View abstract
chapter 25|8 pages
A Negro Nation within the Nation
View abstract
part III|2 pages
Marcus Garvey
chapter 1|9 pages
The Negro's Greatest Enemy
View abstract
chapter 2|6 pages
Letter to Robert Russa Moton, February 29, 1916
View abstract
chapter 3|3 pages
West Indies in the Mirror of Truth
View abstract
chapter 4|3 pages
Editorials in Negro World: "Advice of the Negro to Peace Conference" and "Race Discrimination Must Go"
View abstract
chapter 5|5 pages
George Cross Van Dusen to J. Edgar Hoover, March 19, 1921
View abstract
chapter 6|4 pages
Address to the New York City Division of the UNIA, January 26, 1919
View abstract
chapter 7|9 pages
Address to UNIA Supporters in Philadelphia, October 21, 1919
View abstract
chapter 8|7 pages
Declaration of the Rights of the Negro Peoples of the World
View abstract
chapter 9|3 pages
Editorial Letter in Negro World, September 11, 1920
View abstract
chapter 10|6 pages
Address to the Second UNIA Convention, New York, August 31, 1921
View abstract
chapter 11|5 pages
Motive of the NAACP Exposed
View abstract
chapter 12|5 pages
The Wonders of the White Man in Building America
View abstract
chapter 13|4 pages
What We Believe
View abstract
chapter 15|5 pages
Two Editorial Letters from New Orleans, December 10, 1927
View abstract
part IV|2 pages
A. Philip Randolph
chapter 1|8 pages
The Negro in Politics
View abstract
chapter 2|6 pages
Lynching: Capitalism Its Cause; Socialism Its Cure
View abstract
chapter 3|2 pages
New Leadership for the Negro
View abstract
chapter 4|5 pages
The Crisis of the Crisis
View abstract
chapter 5|3 pages
Two Editorials: "Racial Equality" and "The Failure of the Negro Church"
View abstract
chapter 6|3 pages
The Negro Radicals
View abstract
chapter 7|3 pages
The New Negro—What Is He?
View abstract
chapter 8|1 pages
Garvey Unfairly Attacked
View abstract
chapter 9|2 pages
Marcus Garvey!
View abstract
chapter 10|8 pages
Reply to Marcus Garvey
View abstract
chapter 11|5 pages
The State of the Race
View abstract
chapter 12|7 pages
Segregation in the Public Schools: A Promise or a Menace
View abstract
chapter 13|2 pages
Jim Crow Niggers
View abstract
chapter 14|1 pages
Negroes and the Labor Movement
View abstract
chapter 15|5 pages
The Negro and Economic Radicalism
View abstract
chapter 16|3 pages
The New Pullman Porter
View abstract
chapter 17|8 pages
The Negro Faces the Future
View abstract
chapter 18|1 pages
The Need of a Labor Background
View abstract
chapter 19|2 pages
Hating All White People
View abstract
chapter 20|2 pages
Negro Congressmen
View abstract
chapter 21|1 pages
Consumers' Co-operation
View abstract
chapter 22|10 pages
The Economic Crisis of the Negro
View abstract
ABOUT THIS BOOK
ABOUT THIS BOOK

This text presents a selection of essays and speeches written between 1890 and 1930 by Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois, A. Philip Randolph and Marcus Garvey. The work analyses African-American political thought, defining the options confronting African Americans in the 20th century.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
chapter |18 pages
Introduction
View abstract
part I|2 pages
Booker T. Washington
chapter 1|2 pages
Letter to the Editor, Montgomery Advertiser, April 30, 1885
View abstract
chapter 2|4 pages
Atlanta Exposition Address
View abstract
chapter 3|3 pages
Address at the Unveiling of the Monument to Robert Gould Shaw
View abstract
chapter 4|3 pages
Open Letter to the Louisiana Constitutional Convention, February 19, 1898
View abstract
chapter 5|1 pages
Letter to W.E.B. Du Bois, October 26, 1899
View abstract
chapter 6|4 pages
Interview, Atlanta Constitution, November 10, 1899
View abstract
chapter 7|1 pages
Letter to W.E.B. Du Bois, March 11, 1900
View abstract
chapter 8|1 pages
Letter to the Editor of the Montgomery Advertiser, September 23, 1901
View abstract
chapter 9|1 pages
Letter to Theodore Roosevelt, October 16, 1901
View abstract
chapter 10|2 pages
The Negro and the Signs of Civilization
View abstract
chapter 11|2 pages
Statement on Suffrage, Philadelphia North American
View abstract
chapter 12|2 pages
Statement Before the Washington Conference on the Race Problem in the United States
View abstract
chapter 13|4 pages
Speech to the National Afro-American Council
View abstract
chapter 14|1 pages
Letter to W.E.B. Du Bois, January 27, 1904
View abstract
chapter 15|1 pages
A Protest against Lynching
View abstract
chapter 16|5 pages
The Negro and the Labor Problem of the South
View abstract
chapter 17|2 pages
Letter to President Theodore Roosevelt, December 26, 1904
View abstract
chapter 18|4 pages
The Negro in the North: Are His Advantages as Great as in the South
View abstract
chapter 19|2 pages
Letter to William Howard Taft, June 4, 1908
View abstract
chapter 20|2 pages
A Statement on Lynching
View abstract
chapter 21|3 pages
Letter to the Editor, Montgomery Advertiser, December 30, 1910
View abstract
chapter 22|2 pages
Letter to C. Elias Winston, October 2, 1914
View abstract
chapter 23|5 pages
Speech to the National Negro Business League, August 18, 1915
View abstract
chapter 24|5 pages
My View of Segregation Laws
View abstract
part II|2 pages
W.E.B. Du Bois
chapter 1|6 pages
Letter to Booker T. Washington, September 24, 1895
View abstract
chapter 3|1 pages
Letter to Booker T. Washington, February 17, 1900
View abstract
chapter 4|3 pages
The Evolution of Negro Leadership
View abstract
chapter 5|3 pages
The Parting of the Ways
View abstract
chapter 6|4 pages
Letter to Oswald Garrison Villard, March 24, 1905
View abstract
chapter 7|4 pages
Declaration of Principles
View abstract
chapter 8|2 pages
Two Editorials: "The Crisis" and "Agitation"
View abstract
chapter 9|1 pages
A Philosophy for 1913
View abstract
chapter 10|4 pages
The Immediate Program of the American Negro
View abstract
chapter 11|3 pages
"Booker T. Washington" and "An Open Letter to Robert Russa Moton"
View abstract
chapter 12|2 pages
Close Ranks
View abstract
chapter 14|3 pages
White Co-workers
View abstract
chapter 15|8 pages
Marcus Garvey
View abstract
chapter 16|2 pages
A Lunatic or a Traitor
View abstract
chapter 17|5 pages
The Tragedy of "Jim Crow"
View abstract
chapter 18|3 pages
The New Crisis
View abstract
chapter 19|6 pages
Race Relations in the United States
View abstract
chapter 20|1 pages
Economic Disfranchisement
View abstract
chapter 21|6 pages
Marxism and the Negro Problem
View abstract
chapter 22|3 pages
Pan-Africa and New Racial Philosophy
View abstract
chapter 23|2 pages
Segregation
View abstract
chapter 24|2 pages
The Board of Directors on Segregation
View abstract
chapter 25|8 pages
A Negro Nation within the Nation
View abstract
part III|2 pages
Marcus Garvey
chapter 1|9 pages
The Negro's Greatest Enemy
View abstract
chapter 2|6 pages
Letter to Robert Russa Moton, February 29, 1916
View abstract
chapter 3|3 pages
West Indies in the Mirror of Truth
View abstract
chapter 4|3 pages
Editorials in Negro World: "Advice of the Negro to Peace Conference" and "Race Discrimination Must Go"
View abstract
chapter 5|5 pages
George Cross Van Dusen to J. Edgar Hoover, March 19, 1921
View abstract
chapter 6|4 pages
Address to the New York City Division of the UNIA, January 26, 1919
View abstract
chapter 7|9 pages
Address to UNIA Supporters in Philadelphia, October 21, 1919
View abstract
chapter 8|7 pages
Declaration of the Rights of the Negro Peoples of the World
View abstract
chapter 9|3 pages
Editorial Letter in Negro World, September 11, 1920
View abstract
chapter 10|6 pages
Address to the Second UNIA Convention, New York, August 31, 1921
View abstract
chapter 11|5 pages
Motive of the NAACP Exposed
View abstract
chapter 12|5 pages
The Wonders of the White Man in Building America
View abstract
chapter 13|4 pages
What We Believe
View abstract
chapter 15|5 pages
Two Editorial Letters from New Orleans, December 10, 1927
View abstract
part IV|2 pages
A. Philip Randolph
chapter 1|8 pages
The Negro in Politics
View abstract
chapter 2|6 pages
Lynching: Capitalism Its Cause; Socialism Its Cure
View abstract
chapter 3|2 pages
New Leadership for the Negro
View abstract
chapter 4|5 pages
The Crisis of the Crisis
View abstract
chapter 5|3 pages
Two Editorials: "Racial Equality" and "The Failure of the Negro Church"
View abstract
chapter 6|3 pages
The Negro Radicals
View abstract
chapter 7|3 pages
The New Negro—What Is He?
View abstract
chapter 8|1 pages
Garvey Unfairly Attacked
View abstract
chapter 9|2 pages
Marcus Garvey!
View abstract
chapter 10|8 pages
Reply to Marcus Garvey
View abstract
chapter 11|5 pages
The State of the Race
View abstract
chapter 12|7 pages
Segregation in the Public Schools: A Promise or a Menace
View abstract
chapter 13|2 pages
Jim Crow Niggers
View abstract
chapter 14|1 pages
Negroes and the Labor Movement
View abstract
chapter 15|5 pages
The Negro and Economic Radicalism
View abstract
chapter 16|3 pages
The New Pullman Porter
View abstract
chapter 17|8 pages
The Negro Faces the Future
View abstract
chapter 18|1 pages
The Need of a Labor Background
View abstract
chapter 19|2 pages
Hating All White People
View abstract
chapter 20|2 pages
Negro Congressmen
View abstract
chapter 21|1 pages
Consumers' Co-operation
View abstract
chapter 22|10 pages
The Economic Crisis of the Negro
View abstract

This text presents a selection of essays and speeches written between 1890 and 1930 by Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois, A. Philip Randolph and Marcus Garvey. The work analyses African-American political thought, defining the options confronting African Americans in the 20th century.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
chapter |18 pages
Introduction
View abstract
part I|2 pages
Booker T. Washington
chapter 1|2 pages
Letter to the Editor, Montgomery Advertiser, April 30, 1885
View abstract
chapter 2|4 pages
Atlanta Exposition Address
View abstract
chapter 3|3 pages
Address at the Unveiling of the Monument to Robert Gould Shaw
View abstract
chapter 4|3 pages
Open Letter to the Louisiana Constitutional Convention, February 19, 1898
View abstract
chapter 5|1 pages
Letter to W.E.B. Du Bois, October 26, 1899
View abstract
chapter 6|4 pages
Interview, Atlanta Constitution, November 10, 1899
View abstract
chapter 7|1 pages
Letter to W.E.B. Du Bois, March 11, 1900
View abstract
chapter 8|1 pages
Letter to the Editor of the Montgomery Advertiser, September 23, 1901
View abstract
chapter 9|1 pages
Letter to Theodore Roosevelt, October 16, 1901
View abstract
chapter 10|2 pages
The Negro and the Signs of Civilization
View abstract
chapter 11|2 pages
Statement on Suffrage, Philadelphia North American
View abstract
chapter 12|2 pages
Statement Before the Washington Conference on the Race Problem in the United States
View abstract
chapter 13|4 pages
Speech to the National Afro-American Council
View abstract
chapter 14|1 pages
Letter to W.E.B. Du Bois, January 27, 1904
View abstract
chapter 15|1 pages
A Protest against Lynching
View abstract
chapter 16|5 pages
The Negro and the Labor Problem of the South
View abstract
chapter 17|2 pages
Letter to President Theodore Roosevelt, December 26, 1904
View abstract
chapter 18|4 pages
The Negro in the North: Are His Advantages as Great as in the South
View abstract
chapter 19|2 pages
Letter to William Howard Taft, June 4, 1908
View abstract
chapter 20|2 pages
A Statement on Lynching
View abstract
chapter 21|3 pages
Letter to the Editor, Montgomery Advertiser, December 30, 1910
View abstract
chapter 22|2 pages
Letter to C. Elias Winston, October 2, 1914
View abstract
chapter 23|5 pages
Speech to the National Negro Business League, August 18, 1915
View abstract
chapter 24|5 pages
My View of Segregation Laws
View abstract
part II|2 pages
W.E.B. Du Bois
chapter 1|6 pages
Letter to Booker T. Washington, September 24, 1895
View abstract
chapter 3|1 pages
Letter to Booker T. Washington, February 17, 1900
View abstract
chapter 4|3 pages
The Evolution of Negro Leadership
View abstract
chapter 5|3 pages
The Parting of the Ways
View abstract
chapter 6|4 pages
Letter to Oswald Garrison Villard, March 24, 1905
View abstract
chapter 7|4 pages
Declaration of Principles
View abstract
chapter 8|2 pages
Two Editorials: "The Crisis" and "Agitation"
View abstract
chapter 9|1 pages
A Philosophy for 1913
View abstract
chapter 10|4 pages
The Immediate Program of the American Negro
View abstract
chapter 11|3 pages
"Booker T. Washington" and "An Open Letter to Robert Russa Moton"
View abstract
chapter 12|2 pages
Close Ranks
View abstract
chapter 14|3 pages
White Co-workers
View abstract
chapter 15|8 pages
Marcus Garvey
View abstract
chapter 16|2 pages
A Lunatic or a Traitor
View abstract
chapter 17|5 pages
The Tragedy of "Jim Crow"
View abstract
chapter 18|3 pages
The New Crisis
View abstract
chapter 19|6 pages
Race Relations in the United States
View abstract
chapter 20|1 pages
Economic Disfranchisement
View abstract
chapter 21|6 pages
Marxism and the Negro Problem
View abstract
chapter 22|3 pages
Pan-Africa and New Racial Philosophy
View abstract
chapter 23|2 pages
Segregation
View abstract
chapter 24|2 pages
The Board of Directors on Segregation
View abstract
chapter 25|8 pages
A Negro Nation within the Nation
View abstract
part III|2 pages
Marcus Garvey
chapter 1|9 pages
The Negro's Greatest Enemy
View abstract
chapter 2|6 pages
Letter to Robert Russa Moton, February 29, 1916
View abstract
chapter 3|3 pages
West Indies in the Mirror of Truth
View abstract
chapter 4|3 pages
Editorials in Negro World: "Advice of the Negro to Peace Conference" and "Race Discrimination Must Go"
View abstract
chapter 5|5 pages
George Cross Van Dusen to J. Edgar Hoover, March 19, 1921
View abstract
chapter 6|4 pages
Address to the New York City Division of the UNIA, January 26, 1919
View abstract
chapter 7|9 pages
Address to UNIA Supporters in Philadelphia, October 21, 1919
View abstract
chapter 8|7 pages
Declaration of the Rights of the Negro Peoples of the World
View abstract
chapter 9|3 pages
Editorial Letter in Negro World, September 11, 1920
View abstract
chapter 10|6 pages
Address to the Second UNIA Convention, New York, August 31, 1921
View abstract
chapter 11|5 pages
Motive of the NAACP Exposed
View abstract
chapter 12|5 pages
The Wonders of the White Man in Building America
View abstract
chapter 13|4 pages
What We Believe
View abstract
chapter 15|5 pages
Two Editorial Letters from New Orleans, December 10, 1927
View abstract
part IV|2 pages
A. Philip Randolph
chapter 1|8 pages
The Negro in Politics
View abstract
chapter 2|6 pages
Lynching: Capitalism Its Cause; Socialism Its Cure
View abstract
chapter 3|2 pages
New Leadership for the Negro
View abstract
chapter 4|5 pages
The Crisis of the Crisis
View abstract
chapter 5|3 pages
Two Editorials: "Racial Equality" and "The Failure of the Negro Church"
View abstract
chapter 6|3 pages
The Negro Radicals
View abstract
chapter 7|3 pages
The New Negro—What Is He?
View abstract
chapter 8|1 pages
Garvey Unfairly Attacked
View abstract
chapter 9|2 pages
Marcus Garvey!
View abstract
chapter 10|8 pages
Reply to Marcus Garvey
View abstract
chapter 11|5 pages
The State of the Race
View abstract
chapter 12|7 pages
Segregation in the Public Schools: A Promise or a Menace
View abstract
chapter 13|2 pages
Jim Crow Niggers
View abstract
chapter 14|1 pages
Negroes and the Labor Movement
View abstract
chapter 15|5 pages
The Negro and Economic Radicalism
View abstract
chapter 16|3 pages
The New Pullman Porter
View abstract
chapter 17|8 pages
The Negro Faces the Future
View abstract
chapter 18|1 pages
The Need of a Labor Background
View abstract
chapter 19|2 pages
Hating All White People
View abstract
chapter 20|2 pages
Negro Congressmen
View abstract
chapter 21|1 pages
Consumers' Co-operation
View abstract
chapter 22|10 pages
The Economic Crisis of the Negro
View abstract
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